(a) General. This part applies to any electronic fund transfer that
authorizes a financial institution to debit or credit a consumer’s
account. Generally, this part applies to financial institutions. For
purposes of sections 205.3(b)(2) and (b)(3), 205.10(b), (d), and (e),
205.13, and 205.20, this part applies to any person.
(b) Electronic fund transfer.
(1) Definition. The term electronic fund transfer means any transfer of funds
that is initiated through an electronic terminal, telephone, computer,
or magnetic tape for the purpose of ordering, instructing, or authorizing
a financial institution to debit or credit a customer’s account. The
term includes, but is not limited to—
(i) point-of-sale transfers;
(ii) automated teller
machine transfers;
(iii) direct deposits or withdrawals of funds;
(iv) transfers initiated by telephone;
and
(v) transfers
resulting from debit card transactions, whether or not initiated through
an electronic terminal.
(2) Electronic
fund transfer using information from a check.
(i) This
part applies where a check, draft, or similar paper instrument is
used as a source of information to initiate a one-time electronic
fund transfer from a consumer’s account. The consumer must authorize
the transfer.
(ii)
The person initiating an electronic fund transfer using the consumer’s
check as a source of information for the transfer must provide a notice
that the transaction will or may be processed as an EFT, and obtain
a consumer’s authorization for each transfer. A consumer authorizes
a one-time electronic fund transfer (in providing a check to a merchant
or other payee for the MICR encoding, that is, the routing number
of the financial institution, the consumer’s account number and the
serial number) when the consumer receives notice and goes forward
with the underlying transaction. For point-of-sale transfers, the
notice must be posted in a prominent and conspicuous location, and
a copy thereof, or a substantially similar notice, must be provided
to the consumer at the time of the transaction.
(iii) The person that initiates an electronic
fund transfer using the consumer’s check as a source of information
for the transfer shall also provide a notice to the consumer at the
same time it provides the notice required under paragraph (b)(2)(ii)
that when a check is used to initiate an electronic fund transfer,
funds may be debited from the consumer’s account as soon as the same-day
payment is received, and, as applicable, that the consumer’s check
will not be returned by the financial institution holding the consumer’s
account. For point-of-sale transfers, the person initiating the transfer
may post the notice required in this paragraph (b)(2)(iii) in a prominent
and conspicuous location and need not include this notice on the copy
of the notice given to the consumer under paragraph (b)(2)(ii). The
requirements in this paragraph (b)(2)(iii) shall remain in effect
until December 31, 2009.
(iv) A person may provide notices that
are substantially similar to those set forth in appendix A-6 to comply
with the requirements of this paragraph (b)(2).
(3) Collection of returned-item fees via electronic fund transfer.
(i) General. The person initiating an electronic fund transfer to collect a fee
for the return of an electronic fund transfer or a check that is unpaid,
including due to insufficient or uncollected funds in the consumer’s
account, must obtain the consumer’s authorization for each transfer.
A consumer authorizes a one-time electronic fund transfer from his
or her account to pay the fee for the returned item or transfer if
the person collecting the fee provides notice to the consumer stating
that the person may electronically collect the fee, and the consumer
goes forward with the underlying transaction. The notice must state
that the fee will be collected by means of an electronic fund transfer
from the consumer’s account if the payment is returned unpaid and
must disclose the dollar amount of the fee. If the fee may vary due
to the amount of the transaction or due to other factors, then, except
as otherwise provided in paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section, the
person collecting the fee may disclose, in place of the dollar amount
of the fee, an explanation of how the fee will be determined.
(ii) Point-of-sale transactions. If a fee for
an electronic fund transfer or check returned unpaid may be collected
electronically in connection with a point-of-sale transaction, the
person initiating an electronic fund transfer to collect the fee must
post the notice described in paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section in
a prominent and conspicuous location. The person also must either
provide the consumer with a copy of the posted notice (or a substantially
similar notice) at the time of the transaction, or mail the copy (or
a substantially similar notice) to the consumer’s address as soon
as reasonably practicable after the person initiates the electronic fund transfer
to collect the fee. If the amount of the fee may vary due to the amount
of the transaction or due to other factors, the posted notice may
explain how the fee will be determined, but the notice provided to
the consumer must state the dollar amount of the fee if the amount
can be calculated at the time the notice is provided or mailed to
the consumer.
(iii) Delayed compliance date for fee disclosure. Through December 31, 2007, the notice required to be provided to
consumers under paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section in connection
with a point-of-sale transaction, whether given to the consumer at
the time of the transaction or subsequently mailed to the consumer,
need not include either the dollar amount of any fee collected electronically
for a check or electronic fund transfer returned unpaid or an explanation
of how the amount of the fee will be determined.
6-305.1
(c) Exclusions from coverage. The term electronic fund transfer does not include:
(1) Checks. Any transfer of funds originated by check, draft, or similar paper
instrument; or any payment made by check, draft, or similar paper
instrument at an electronic terminal.
(2) Check guarantee
or authorization. Any transfer of funds that guarantees payment
or authorizes acceptance of a check, draft, or similar paper instrument
but that does not directly result in a debit or credit to a consumer’s
account.
(3) Wire or other similar transfers. Any transfer
of funds through Fedwire or through a similar wire transfer system
that is used primarily for transfers between financial institutions
or between businesses.
(4) Securities and commodities transfers. Any transfer of funds the primary purpose of which is the purchase
or sale of a security or commodity, if the security or commodity is—
(i) regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commodity
Futures Trading Commission;
(ii) purchased or sold through a broker-
dealer regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission or through
a futures commission merchant regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission; or
(iii)
held in book-entry form by a Federal Reserve Bank or federal agency.
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(5) Automatic transfers by account-holding institutions. Any transfer of funds under an agreement between a consumer and
a financial institution which provides that the institution will initiate
individual transfers without a specific request from the consumer:
(i) between a consumer’s accounts within the financial institution;
(ii) from a consumer’s
account to an account of a member of the consumer’s family held in
the same financial institution; or
(iii) between a consumer’s account and
an account of the financial institution, except that these transfers
remain subject to section 205.10(e) regarding compulsory use and sections
915 and 916 of the act regarding civil and criminal liability.
(6) Telephone-initiated transfers. Any transfer
of funds that—
(i) is initiated by a telephone communication
between a consumer and a financial institution making the transfer,
and
(ii) does not
take place under a telephone bill-payment or other written plan in
which periodic or recurring transfers are contemplated.
6-306.1
(7) Small institutions. Any preauthorized transfer to or from an
account if the assets of the account-holding financial institution
were $100 million or less on the preceding December 31. If assets
of the account-holding institution subsequently exceed $100 million,
the institution’s exemption for preauthorized transfers terminates
one year from the end of the calendar year in which the assets exceed
$100 million. Preauthorized transfers exempt under this paragraph
(c)(7) remain subject to section 205.10(e) regarding compulsory use
and sections 915 and 916 of the act regarding civil and criminal liability.